Nursing Interventions: Atelectasis

1. Encourage the patient to perform coughing and deep-breathing exercises every 1 to 2 hours.
2. Help the patient use an incentive spirometer to encourage deep breathing.
3. Gently reposition the patient often and help him walk as soon as possible.
4. Administer adequate analgesics to control pain.
5. Humidify inspired air and encourage adequate fluid intake to mobilize secretions.
6. Use postural drainage and chest percussion to remove secretions.
7. Provide suctioning as needed for patients who are intubated or unable to clear their own secretions.
8. Administer sedatives with care because these medications depress respirations and cough reflex.
9. Offer ample reassurance and emotional support because the patient’s limited breathing capacity may frighten him.
10. Assess breath sounds and respiratory status frequently. Report any changes immediately.
11. Evaluate the patient’s ability to perform bronchial hygiene.
12. Monitor pulse oximetry readings and ABG values for evidence of hypoxia.
13. Demonstrate comfort measures to promote relaxation and conserve energy.