• Assess the patient’s respiratory status by monitoring the severity of symptoms, breath sounds, peak flow, pulse oximetry, and vital
• Obtain a history of allergic reactions to medications before administering medications.
• Identify medications the patient is currently taking.
• Administer medications as prescribed and monitor the patient’s responses to those medications; medications may include an antibiotic if the patient has an underlying respiratory infection. fowler or semi-fowler position
• Administer humidified oxygen
• Administer nebulizer of ventolin / normal saline
• Observe for: cyanosis, breath sound, wheezing, respiratory rate apical pulse, blood pressure, pea expiratory flow.
• Administer fluids if the patient is dehydrated.
• Assist with intubation procedure, if required.
• Provide rest and quiet environment
• Monitor for deteriorating respiratory status and note sputum characteristics.
• Teach patient and family about asthma (chronic inflammatory), purpose and action of medications, triggers to avoid and how to do so, and proper inhalation technique.
• Instruct patient and family about peak-flow monitoring.
• Encourage them to express the concerns.
• Explain all procedures
• Teach patient how to implement an action plan and how and when to seek assistance.
• Obtain current educational materials for the patient based on the patient’s diagnosis, causative factors, educational level, and cultural background.
• Emphasize adherence to prescribed therapy, preventive measures, and need for followup appointments.
• Refer for home health nurse as indicated.
• Home visit to assess for allergens may be indicated (with recurrent exacerbations).
• Refer patient to community support groups.
• Remind patients and families about the importance of health promotion strategies and recommended health screening.

Sources:

https://nurseslabs.com/asthma-nursing-management/

https://www.nursing-help.com/2011/08/bronchial-asthma-nursing-diagnosis-and-nursing-care-plan.html